Material Max Temp Chemical resistance  Tensile strength (psi)  Flexural strength (psi) Impact strength (ft-lb/in) Several Applications POM 180~230oC Excellent  6,000~ 22,000 120,000~ 170,00 0.8~2 automotive parts, valve ball, piston, bushing, wheels PP 65~148oC Excellent  4,500~ 18,500 210,000~ 1,500,000 1.4~5.5 food storage and packing HDPE 120oC Good to excellent  3,200~ 4,500 145,000~ 225,000 0.4~4 bottles, toys, bins, bushing LDPE 65~90oC Good to excellent  1,200~ 4,000 35,000~ 48,000 Not breakable bags, wrap, bottle, valve flange cover PBT 120~150oC Good to excellent 7,250~ 14,500 11,600~ 21,750 2.0~7.5 washer, rings, pistons, bearing, bushings, wheels, rollers PTFE 160~180oC Excellent 2,900~ 4,350 2,030~ 5,075 2.44~3.50 seals, gaskets, bearings, bushings in food process, industrial parts, medical device ABS 60~93oC Poor to fair 6,600 270,000~ 380,000 3.0~7.5 Parts in pipes, automotive body, keyboards. Nylon  93~177oC Good to excellent 6,000~ 24,000  390,000~ 1,100,000 2~8 Apparel, automotive, electrical parts, medical devices. PC 288~316oC Poor to fail  8,500 13,500 2~18 Electric parts, compact discs, telecom. hardware.

Plastic Injection Parts are manufactured using the injection molding process, which is one of the most popular methods for producing plastic parts and components. In the process, the plastic injection parts can be mass-produced quickly and cost-efficiently.

Plastic Raw Material (Resin) significantly impacts the final product's properties, including strength, flexibility, durability, and appearance. Different plastics have instinct melting points, shrinkage rates, flow characteristics, and mechanical properties (tensile strength, impact resistance, elasticity…), which can affect how to design the mold, and how they behave during cooling and solidification.

Additionally, despite with the same machine, different parameters set up definitely affect the finished injection result. Thus, the injection molding process parameters must be carefully controlled to achieve optimal results. These parameters include injection pressure, injection speed, melt temperature, mold temperature, cooling time, and holding pressure and time etc.

Several popular types of mold: two-plate mold, three-plate mold, hot runner mold, cold runner mold, multi-cavity mold.

Background: Ketamine has been documented for its rapid antidepressant effects. However, optimal dose and delivery route have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The objectives of this study were to document the safety and test the antidepressant and antisuicidal effects of a single rapid 1-minute injection of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg in treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Factors such as resin grade, additives, fillers, and colorants also play a role in determining the material's behavior during the molding process.

1. High Efficiency: high-volume production of identical parts with minimal material waste, highly automated, fast cycle times and efficient production, minimal Post-Processing.

4. Parting Line and Flash: possible parting lines and flash, which may require additional trimming or finishing operations to remove.

BUENO can offer plastic engineering, injection molding parts, engineering plastic machining and rubber parts for injection molding.

4. Wide Material Selection: a wide range of thermoplastic and thermosetting materials, offering flexibility in material selection to meet specific performance requirements.

2. Lead Time for Tooling: long lead time of the injection mold, several weeks to months, which may delay the start of production.

Amorphous materials: lack a regular molecular structure, a random arrangement of polymer chains, resulting in solidifying more rapidly, shorter cycle times, making amorphous plastics suitable for simple design and high-volume production.

5. Wide Range Application: a wide range of application both daily life products and specific industries, such as in medical, home appliance & household items, cosmetic packaging, Electronic enclosures, Agriculture.

Methods: Ten patients with TRD were included in an open, noncontrolled 4-week study and received a rapid intravenous dose of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg. Main outcome measure was the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and suicidality was assessed using the Scale for Suicide Ideation.

2. Consistency and Precision: tight tolerances and high repeatability, ensuring consistent quality across large production runs.

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Plastic injection molding machines play a crucial role in determining the quality and consistency of injection molding results. Several factors related to the machine can affect the injection process and ultimately influence the quality of the molded parts such as: Clamping force, Injection Pressure and Speed, Injection Volume and Shot Size, Temperature Control & Cooling system.

Bueno provides Injection Parts especially items in flow control industry such as Valve Parts, Plastic Ball, Filler Piston, Bushing, Washer, Flange Cover, Valve Body and other OEM custom services.

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Firstly, we would like to offer an overview about Plastic Injection Process, its Pros & Cons, Materials and Applications in general.

3. Design Flexibility: a high design flexibility, parts with as complex shapes, undercuts, and fine details, enabling engineers to optimize part designs for functionality, performance, and manufacturability.

During the injection process, crystalline materials tend to solidify more slowly compared to amorphous materials, resulted in better flow, which can be advantageous for molding intricate or large parts.

Crystalline materials: with a highly ordered molecular structure, where polymer chains arrange themselves into regular crystalline regions.

This process involves 2 main stages. First, inject molten material, typically thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, into a pre-designed mold cavity under high pressure and heat. Second, once the material cools and solidifies within the mold, the finished product is ejected. Depending on a specific item, the mold can produce one or many items per injection, which we call a number of gates per mold.

Conclusions: This study suggests that in well-controlled medical settings with adequate monitoring, a single rapid 1-minute injection of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg can be well tolerated and is efficacious in rapidly reducing depression symptoms and suicidal thoughts in outpatients with TRD. These findings are relevant to the practice of general clinical psychiatry and emergency departments were ketamine can have a place in acute management of TRD. Larger studies are necessary to confirm these results.

The design of the mold and the quality of tooling are critical factors in achieving desired injection molding part. The mold design determines the part's shape, dimensions, surface finish, and intricacies, while the tooling quality influences the precision and consistency of the molding process. Key considerations include gating and venting design, cooling system efficiency, draft angles, wall thickness uniformity, and parting line location. Poorly designed molds or inadequate tooling can lead to defects such as warping, sink marks, flash, or short shots.

Several popular types of injection machine: two-plate direct pressure type, all-electric type, hydraulic injection type

In addition, crystalline materials typically exhibit higher shrinkage upon cooling compared to amorphous materials. Therefore, adjustments in mold design and process parameters may be necessary to compensate for this shrinkage and prevent defects like warping or dimensional inaccuracies.

Size ØA±0.7 ØB+0.7-0.7 ØC±0.7 ØD±0.7 ØE Type 150LB 300LB 150LB 300LB 150LB 300LB 150LB 300LB 150LB 150LB 300LB 1/2" 40 40 16.5 16.5 60.5 66.5 17 19 A A 3/4" 47 47 16.5 19.5 70 82.5 18 21 A A 1" 52 56 16.5 19.5 79.5 89 19 21 A A 1-1/4" 66 16.5 89.5 20 A 1-1/2" 75 75.5 16.5 22.5 98.5 114.5 20 24.5 28.5 C A 2" 95 96 19.5 19.5 120.5 127 23 28 41.4 C A 2" 95.5 19.5 120.5 23 A 2-1/2" 108 105 19 22 139.5 149 27 26.5 52.8 D B 3" 128 131 19 22 152.5 168 29 38 67.3 D A 4" 162 162 19 22 190.5 200 29 44 85 D A 5" 188 22 216 28.5 B A 6" 220 216 22 22 241.5 270 31 38.5 144.7 C A 8" 276 271 23 24 298.5 330 30 44.5 182.7 C B 10" 328 25.5 362 39.7 229.5 D 12" 381 25.5 432 38.6 B

1. High Initial Tooling Costs: perhaps expensive pre-designed molds (tooling), particularly for complex parts with intricate features.

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3. Size and Weight Limitations: may not be suitable for very large or heavy parts due to equipment and handling limitations.

Results: Rapid injection of ketamine elicited transient increase of blood pressure and altered states of consciousness in all patients and mild psychotomimetic effects in 4 patients, which all resolved without any intervention. Decrease of depression severity was observed from 40-minute postinjection until day 15. Eight patients became responders within 1 day and all were nonresponders after 4 weeks. The decrease of suicidal ideation was significant until day 7. Analysis indicated that higher severity of depression and anxiety at baseline predicted a larger Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale decrease after 4 weeks.